The Migration Observatory informs debates on international migration and public policy.
Learn more about us
The Migration Observatory informs debates on international migration and public policy.
Learn more about us
Unauthorised migration in the UK
This briefing examines unauthorised migration—also known as ‘illegal immigration’ or ‘irregular migration’—in the UK.
Net migration to the UK
Covering the scale of immigration and net migration in the UK since the early 2000s
Labour’s pledges on migration: the data
Commentary explaining what the data do and do not tell us about the Labour government’s progress towards its goals as it begins implementing its plans.
commentary 10 Nov 2025
This commentary estimates the number of non-EU citizens who currently have settlement, also known as indefinite leave to remain (ILR), an immigration status which enables migrants to live in the UK indefinitely.
briefing 07 Nov 2025
briefing 30 Oct 2025
commentary 22 Oct 2025
report 17 Oct 2025
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Contact Us
T: +44 (0) 1865 612 375
E: migrationobservatory@compas.ox.ac.uk
Connections
This Migration Observatory is kindly supported by the following organisations.
The Migration Observatory, at the University of Oxford COMPAS (Centre on Migration, Policy and Society)
University of Oxford,
58 Banbury Road,
Oxford, OX2 6QS
commentary 17 Nov 2025
How many refugees receive benefits?
This commentary estimates how many refugees claim Universal Credit